1. 环境描述 (Environment) OS: macOS 26.2 Hardware: Apple Silicon (M1/M2/M3) DriverKit SDK: DriverKit 19.0 / 20.0 Arch: Universal (x86_64, arm64, arm64e) SIP Status: Enabled (Works perfectly when Disabled) 2. 问题现象 (Problem Description) 在开启 SIP 的环境下，USB 驱动扩展（Dext）能安装，但插入设备时无法连接设备（驱动的Start方法未被调用）。 驱动状态： MacBook-Pro ~ % systemextensionsctl list 1 extension(s) --- com.apple.system_extension.driver_extension (Go to 'System Settings > General > Login Items & Extensions > Driver Extensions' to modify these system extension(s)) enabled active teamID bundleID (version) name [state] * * JK9U78YRLU com.ronganchina.usbapp.MyUserUSBInterfaceDriver (1.3/4) com.ronganchina.usbapp.MyUserUSBInterfaceDriver [activated enabled] 关键日志证据 (Key Logs) KernelManagerd: Error Domain=NSPOSIXErrorDomain Code=8 "Exec format error" Syspolicyd: failed to fetch ... /_CodeSignature/CodeRequirements-1 error=-10 AppleSystemPolicy: ASP: Security policy would not allow process DriverKit Kernel: DK: MyUserUSBInterfaceDriver user server timeout dext的 embedded.provisionprofile 已包含： com.apple.developer.driverkit com.apple.developer.driverkit.transport.usb (idVendor: 11977)

This is my first driver and I have had the devil of a time trying to find any information to help me with this. I beg help with this, since I cannot find any tutorials that will get me over this problem. I am attempting to write a bridging driver for an older UPS that only communicates via RPC-over-USB rather than the HID Power Device class the OS requires. I have written the basic framework for the driver (details below) and am calling OSSystemExtensionRequest.submitRequest with a request object created by OSSystemExtensionRequest.activationRequest, but the didFailWithError callback is called with OSSystemExtensionErrorDomain of a value of 9, which appears to be a general failure to activate the driver. I can find no other information on how to address this issue, but I presume the issue is one of entitlements in either the entitlements file or Info.plist. I will have more code-based details below. For testing context, I am testing this on a 2021 iMac (M1) running Sequoia 15.7, and this iMac is on MDM, specifically Jamf. I have disabled SIP and set systemextensionsctl developer on, per the instructions here, and I have compiled and am attempting to debug the app using xcode 26.2. The driver itself targets DriverKit 25, as 26 does not appear to be available in xcode despite hints on google that it's out. For the software, I have a two-target structure in my xcode project, the main Manager app, which is a swift-ui app that both handles installation/activation of the driver and (if that finally manages to work) handles communication from the driver via its UserClient, and the driver which compiles as a dext. Both apps compile and use automated signing attached to our Apple Development team. I won't delve into the Manager app much, as it runs even though activation fails, except to include its entitlements file in case it proves relevant <dict> <key>com.apple.developer.driverkit.communicates-with-drivers</key> <true/> <key>com.apple.developer.system-extension.install</key> <true/> <key>com.apple.security.app-sandbox</key> <true/> <key>com.apple.security.files.user-selected.read-only</key> <true/> </dict> and the relevant activation code: func request(_ request: OSSystemExtensionRequest, didFailWithError error: any Error) { // handling the error, which is always code value 9 } func activateDriver() { let request = OSSystemExtensionRequest.activationRequest(forExtensionWithIdentifier: "com.mycompany.driver.bundle.identifier", queue: .main) request.delegate = self OSSystemExtensionManager.shared.submitRequest(request) //... } And finally the Manager app has the following capabilities requested for its matching identifier in our Apple Developer Account: DriverKit Communicates with Drivers System Extension On the Driver side, I have two major pieces, the main driver class MyDriver, and UserClient class, StatusUserClient. MyDriver derives from IDriverKit/IOService.iig but (in case this is somehow important) does not have the same name as the project/target name MyBatteryDriver. StatusUserClient derives from DriverKit/IOUserClient.iig. I have os_log(OS_LOG_DEFAULT, "trace messages") code in every method of both classes, including the initializers and Start implementations, and the log entries never seem to show up in Console, so I presume that means the OS never tried to load the driver. Unless I'm looking in the wrong place? Because I don't think the driver code is the current issue, I won't go into it unless it becomes necessary. As I mentioned above, I think this is a code signing / entitlements issue, but I don't know how to resolve it. In our Apple Developer account, the Driver's matching identifier has the following capabilities requested: DriverKit (development) DriverKit Allow Any UserClient (development) DriverKit Family HID Device (development) -- NOTE: this is planned for future use, but not yet implemented by my driver code. Could that be part of the problem? DriverKit Transport HID (development) DriverKit USB Transport (development) DriverKit USB Transport - VendorID -- submitted, no response from Apple yet HID Virtual Device -- submitted, no response from Apple. yet. This is vestigial from an early plan to build the bridge via shared memory funneling to a virtual HID device. I think I've found a way to do it with one Service, but... not sure yet. Still, that's a problem for tomorrow. Apparently I've gone over the 7000 character maximum so I will add my entitlements and info.plist contents in a reply.

Note: This document is specifically focused on what happens after a DEXT has passed its initial code-signing checks. Code-signing issues are dealt with in other posts. Preliminary Guidance: Using and understanding DriverKit basically requires understanding IOKit, something which isn't entirely clear in our documentation. The good news here is that IOKit actually does have fairly good "foundational" documentation in the documentation archive. Here are a few of the documents I'd take a look at: IOKit Fundamentals IOKit Device Driver Design Guidelines Accessing Hardware From Applications Special mention to QA1075: "Making sense of IOKit error codes",, which I happened to notice today and which documents the IOReturn error format (which is a bit weird on first review). Those documents do not cover the full DEXT loading process, but they are the foundation of how all of this actually works. Understanding the IOKitPersonalities Dictionary The first thing to understand here is that the "IOKitPersonalities" is called that because it is in fact a fully valid "IOKitPersonalities" dictionary. That is, what the system actually uses that dictionary "for" is: Perform a standard IOKit match and load cycle in the kernel. The final driver in the kernel then uses the DEXT-specific data to launch and run your DEXT process outside the kernel. So, working through the critical keys in that dictionary: "IOProviderClass"-> This is the in-kernel class that your in-kernel driver loads "on top" of. The IOKit documentation and naming convention uses the term "Nub", but the naming convention is not consistent enough that it applies to all cases. "IOClass"-> This is the in-kernel class that your driver loads on top of. This is where things can become a bit confused, as some families work by: Routing all activity through the provider reference so that the DEXT-specific class does not matter (PCIDriverKit). Having the DEXT subclass a specific subclass which corresponds to a specific kernel driver (SCSIPeripheralsDriverKit). This distinction is described in the documentation, but it's easy to overlook if you don't understand what's going on. However, compare PCIDriverKit: "When the system loads your custom PCI driver, it passes an IOPCIDevice object as the provider to your driver. Use that object to read and write the configuration and memory of your PCI hardware." Versus SCSIPeripheralsDriverKit: Develop your driver by subclassing IOUserSCSIPeripheralDeviceType00 or IOUserSCSIPeripheralDeviceType05, depending on whether your device works with SCSI Block Commands (SBC) or SCSI Multimedia Commands (SMC), respectively. In your subclass, override all methods the framework declares as pure virtual. The reason these differences exist actually comes from the relationship and interactions between the DEXT families. Case in point, PCIDriverKit doesn't require a specific subclass because it wants SCSIControllerDriverKit DEXTs to be able to directly load "above" it. Note that the common mistake many developers make is leaving "IOUserService" in place when they should have specified a family-specific subclass (case 2 above). This is an undocumented implementation detail, but if there is a mismatch between your DEXT driver ("IOUserSCSIPeripheralDeviceType00") and your kernel driver ("IOUserService"), you end up trying to call unimplemented kernel methods. When a method is "missing" like that, the codegen system ends up handling that by returning kIOReturnUnsupported. One special case here is the "IOUserResources" provider. This class is the DEXT equivalent of "IOResources" in the kernel. In both cases, these classes exist as an attachment point for objects which don't otherwise have a provider. It's specifically used by the sample "Communicating between a DriverKit extension and a client app" to allow that sample to load on all hardware but is not something the vast majority of DEXT will use. Following on from that point, most DEXT should NOT include "IOMatchCategory". Quoting IOKit fundamentals: "Important: Any driver that declares IOResources as the value of its IOProviderClass key must also include in its personality the IOMatchCategory key and a private match category value. This prevents the driver from matching exclusively on the IOResources nub and thereby preventing other drivers from matching on it. It also prevents the driver from having to compete with all other drivers that need to match on IOResources. The value of the IOMatchCategory property should be identical to the value of the driver's IOClass property, which is the driver’s class name in reverse-DNS notation with underbars instead of dots, such as com_MyCompany_driver_MyDriver." The critical point here is that including IOMatchCategory does this: "This prevents the driver from matching exclusively on the IOResources nub and thereby preventing other drivers from matching on it." The problem here is that this is actually the exceptional case. For a typical DEXT, including IOMatchCategory means that a system driver will load "beside" their DEXT, then open the provider blocking DEXT access and breaking the DEXT. DEXT Launching The key point here is that the entire process above is the standard IOKit loading process used by all KEXT. Once that process finishes, what actually happens next is the DEXT-specific part of this process: IOUserServerName-> This key is the bundle ID of your DEXT, which the system uses to find your DEXT target. IOUserClass-> This is the name of the class the system instantiates after launching your DEXT. Note that this directly mimics how IOKit loading works. Keep in mind that the second, DEXT-specific, half of this process is the first point your actual code becomes relevant. Any issue before that point will ONLY be visible through kernel logging or possibly the IORegistry. __ Kevin Elliott DTS Engineer, CoreOS/Hardware

I'm developing a DriverKit USB driver for iPadOS that needs to communicate with a vendor-class USB device (bInterfaceClass = 0xFF) as I need to communicate with a USB device using a custom protocol over IOUSBHostPipe for bulk transfers. Current Configuration: Info.plist: IOProviderClass = IOUSBHostDevice Device: bDeviceClass = 0, bInterfaceClass = 0xFF (vendor-specific) What Works: Driver matches and loads successfully Start_Impl() executes device->Open() succeeds device->SetConfiguration() succeeds The Problem: uintptr_t iterRef = 0; kern_return_t ret = device->CreateInterfaceIterator(&iterRef); Result: ret = kIOReturnSuccess (0x0), but iterRef = 0 (empty iterator) What I've Tried: Matching IOUSBHostInterface directly - Driver is loaded, but extension never executed Current approach (IOUSBHostDevice) - Driver extension loads and starts, but CreateInterfaceIterator returns empty Question: Does iPadOS allow third-party DriverKit extensions to access vendor-class (0xFF) USB devices? That is, iPadOS, is there a way for a third-party DriverKit extension to access IOUSBHostInterface objects for vendor-class (0xFF) USB devices?

MacOS(Apple Silicon) IOKit driver for FPGA DMA transmission, kernel panic. Hardware and software configuration: MAC mini M1 2020 16GB, macOS Ventura 13.0 or 13.7.8 FPGA device capability: 64-bit Complete description: We've developed a DMA driver for PCIe devices (FPGA) based on IOKit. The driver can start normally through kextload, and the bar mapping, DMA registers, etc. are all correct. I am testing DMA data transmission, but a kernel panic has occurred. The specific content of the panic is as follows: {"bug_type":"210","timestamp":"2026-01-28 14:35:30.00 +0800","os_version":"macOS 13.0 (22A380)","roots_installed":0,"incident_id":"61C9B820-8D1B-4E75-A4EB-10DC2558FA75"} { "build" : "macOS 13.0 (22A380)", "product" : "Macmini9,1", "socId" : "0x00008103", "kernel" : "Darwin Kernel Version 22.1.0: Sun Oct 9 20:14:30 PDT 2022; root:xnu-8792.41.9~2/RELEASE_ARM64_T8103", "incident" : "61C9B820-8D1B-4E75-A4EB-10DC2558FA75", "crashReporterKey" : "6435F6BD-4138-412A-5142-83DD7E5B4F61", "date" : "2026-01-28 14:35:30.16 +0800", "panicString" : "panic(cpu 0 caller 0xfffffe0026c78c2c): "apciec[pcic0-bridge]::handleInterrupt: Request address is greater than 32 bits linksts=0x99000001 pcielint=0x02220060 linkcdmsts=0x00000000 (ltssm 0x11=L0)\n" @AppleT8103PCIeCPort.cpp:1301\nDebugger message: panic\nMemory ID: 0x6\nOS release type: User\nOS version: 22A380\nKernel version: Darwin Kernel Version 22.1.0: Sun Oct 9 20:14:30 PDT 2022; root:xnu-8792.41.9~2/RELEASE_ARM64_T8103\nFileset Kernelcache UUID: C222B4132B9708E5E0E2E8B8C5896410\nKernel UUID: 0BFE6A5D-118B-3889-AE2B-D34A0117A062\nBoot session UUID: 61C9B820-8D1B-4E75-A4EB-10DC2558FA75\niBoot version: iBoot-8419.41.10\nsecure boot?: YES\nroots installed: 0\nPaniclog version: 14\nKernelCache slide: 0x000000001d1b4000\nKernelCache base: 0xfffffe00241b8000\nKernel slide: 0x000000001e3f8000\nKernel text base: 0xfffffe00253fc000\nKernel text exec slide: 0x000000001e4e0000\nKernel text exec base: 0xfffffe00254e4000\nmach_absolute_time: 0x907c3082\nEpoch Time: sec usec\n Boot : 0x6979adbb 0x00023a6a\n Sleep : 0x00000000 0x00000000\n Wake : 0x00000000 0x00000000\n Calendar: 0x6979ae1a 0x00064953\n\nZone info:\n Zone map: 0xfffffe1000834000 - 0xfffffe3000834000\n . VM : 0xfffffe1000834000 - 0xfffffe14cd500000\n . RO : 0xfffffe14cd500000 - 0xfffffe1666e98000\n . GEN0 : 0xfffffe1666e98000 - 0xfffffe1b33b64000\n . GEN1 : 0xfffffe1b33b64000 - 0xfffffe2000830000\n . GEN2 : 0xfffffe2000830000 - 0xfffffe24cd4fc000\n . GEN3 : 0xfffffe24cd4fc000 - 0xfffffe299a1c8000\n . DATA : 0xfffffe299a1c8000 - 0xfffffe3000834000\n Metadata: 0xfffffe3f4d1ac000 - 0xfffffe3f551ac000\n Bitmaps : 0xfffffe3f551ac000 - 0xfffffe3f5ac94000\n\nCORE 0 recently retired instr at 0xfffffe002569d7a0\nCORE 1 recently retired instr at 0xfffffe002569eea0\nCORE 2 recently retired instr at 0xfffffe002569eea0\nCORE 3 recently retired instr at 0xfffffe002569eea0\nCORE 4 recently retired instr at 0xfffffe002569eea0\nCORE 5 recently retired instr at 0xfffffe002569eea0\nCORE 6 recently retired instr at 0xfffffe002569eea0\nCORE 7 recently retired instr at 0xfffffe002569eea0\nTPIDRx_ELy = {1: 0xfffffe2000c23010 0: 0x0000000000000000 0ro: 0x0000000000000000 }\nCORE 0 PVH locks held: None\nCORE 1 PVH locks held: None\nCORE 2 PVH locks held: None\nCORE 3 PVH locks held: None\nCORE 4 PVH locks held: None\nCORE 5 PVH locks held: None\nCORE 6 PVH locks held: None\nCORE 7 PVH locks held: None\nCORE 0 is the one that panicked. Check the full backtrace for details.\nCORE 1: PC=0xfffffe00279db94c, LR=0xfffffe00260d5d9c, FP=0xfffffe8ffecaf850\nCORE 2: PC=0xfffffe0025be76b0, LR=0xfffffe0025be7628, FP=0xfffffe8fff08f5f0\nCORE 3: PC=0x00000001c7cacd78, LR=0x00000001c7cacd84, FP=0x000000016f485130\nCORE 4: PC=0xfffffe002557f55c, LR=0xfffffe002557f55c, FP=0xfffffe8ffe1dff00\nCORE 5: PC=0xfffffe002557f55c, LR=0xfffffe002557f55c, FP=0xfffffe8fff5eff00\nCORE 6: PC=0xfffffe002557f55c, LR=0xfffffe002557f55c, FP=0xfffffe8ffed8bf00\nCORE 7: PC=0xfffffe002557f55c, LR=0xfffffe002557f55c, FP=0xfffffe8fff11bf00\nCompressor Info: 0% of compressed pages limit (OK) and 0% of segments limit (OK) with 0 swapfiles and OK swap space\nPanicked task 0xfffffe1b33aad678: 0 pages, 470 threads: pid 0: kernel_task\nPanicked thread: 0xfffffe2000c23010, backtrace: 0xfffffe8fff6eb6a0, tid: 265\n\t\t ... Kernel Extensions in backtrace:\n com.apple.driver.AppleT8103PCIeC(1.0)[A595D104-026A-39E5-93AA-4C87CE8C14D2]@0xfffffe0026c619d0->0xfffffe0026c86c97\n dependency: com.apple.driver.AppleARMPlatform(1.0.2)[11A9713E-6739-3A4C-8571-2D8EAA062278]@0xfffffe0025f13ff0->0xfffffe0025f6255f\n dependency: com.apple.driver.AppleEmbeddedPCIE(1)[E71CBCCD-AEB8-3E7B-933D-4FED4241BF13]@0xfffffe002654e0b0->0xfffffe00265684c7\n dependency: com.apple.driver.ApplePIODMA(1)[A419BABC-A7A3-316D-A150-7C2C2D1F6D53]@0xfffffe00269a24b0->0xfffffe00269a6c3b\n dependency: com.apple.driver.IODARTFamily(1)[03997E20-8A3F-3412-A4E8-BD968A75A07D]@0xfffffe00275bcf50->0xfffffe00275d0a3f\n dependency: com.apple.iokit.IOPCIFamily(2.9)[EC78F47B-530B-3F87-854E-0A0A5FD9BBB2]@0xfffffe0027934350->0xfffffe002795f3d3\n dependency: com.apple.iokit.IOReportFamily(47)[843B39D3-146E-3992-B7C7-960148685DC8]@0xfffffe0027963010->0xfffffe0027965ffb\n dependency: com.apple.iokit.IOThunderboltFamily(9.3.3)[B22BC005-BB7B-32A3-99C0-39F3BDBD8E54]@0xfffffe0027a5e3f0->0xfffffe0027b9a1a3\n\nlast started kext at 1915345919: com.sobb.pcie-dma\t1.0.0d1 (addr 0xfffffe00240e47f0, size 9580)\nlast stopped kext at 1774866338: com.sobb.pcie-dma\t1.0.0d1 (addr 0xfffffe00240e47f0, size 9580)\nloaded It seems that the DMA request address initiated by FPGA exceeded 32 bits, which was intercepted by PCIe root port and resulted in a kernel panic.This is also the case on macOS (M2). I have tried the following code interface: IOBufferMemoryDescriptor： a. withCapacity(bufferSize, kIODirectionInOut, true)； b. inTaskWithPhysicalMask(kernel_task, kIODirectionInOut, bufferSize, 0x00000000FFFFFFFFULL)。 The physical addresses of the constructed descriptors are all >32 bits; IODMACommand： a. withSpecification(kIODMACommandOutputHost64, 64, 0, IODMACommand::kMapped, 0, 0)，gen64IOVMSegments() The allocated IOVM address must be>32 bits, which will generate a kernel panic when used later. b.withSpecification(kIODMACommandOutputHost32, 32, 0, IODMACommand::kMapped, 0, 0)，gen32IOVMSegments() The allocation of IOVM failed with error code kIOReturnenMessageTooLarge. So after the above attempts, the analysis shows that the strategy of Dart+PCIe root port on macOS (Apple Silicon) is causing the failure of 64 bit DMA address transfer. I have two questions: a. Does Dart in macOS (Apple Silicon) definitely not allocate <=32-bit IOVM addresses? b. Is there any other way to achieve DMA transfer for FGPA devices on macOS (Apple Silicon)? Thanks！

Dear Support Team, ​I am writing to seek technical assistance regarding a persistent issue with Dolby Vision exporting in DaVinci Resolve 20 on my iPad Pro 12.9-inch (2021, M1 chip) running iPadOS 26.0.1. ​The Issue: Despite correctly configuring the project for a Dolby Vision workflow and successfully completing the dynamic metadata analysis, the "Dolby Vision Profile" dropdown menu (and related embedding options) is completely missing from the Advanced Settings in the Deliver page. ​My Current Configuration & Steps Taken: ​Software Version: DaVinci Resolve Studio 20 (Studio features like Dolby Vision analysis are active and functional). ​Project Settings: Color Science: DaVinci YRGB Color Managed. ​Dolby Vision: Enabled (Version 4.0) with Mastering Display set to 1000 nits. ​Output Color Space: Rec.2100 ST2084. ​Color Page: Dynamic metadata analysis has been performed, and "Trim" controls are functional. ​Export Settings: ​Format: QuickTime / MP4. ​Codec: H.265 (HEVC). ​Encoding Profile: Main 10. ​The Problem: Under "Advanced Settings," there is no option to select a Dolby Vision Profile (e.g., Profile 8.4) or to "Embed Dolby Vision Metadata." ​Potential Variables: ​System Version: I am currently running iPadOS 26. ​Apple ID: My iPad is currently not logged into an Apple ID. I suspect this might be preventing the app from accessing certain system-level AVFoundation frameworks or Dolby DRM/licensing certificates required for metadata embedding. ​Could you please clarify if the "Dolby Vision Profile" option is dependent on a signed-in Apple ID for hardware-level encoding authorization, or if this is a known compatibility issue with the current iPadOS 26 build? ​I look forward to your guidance on how to resolve this. ​Best regards, INSOFT_Fred

When printing image/photo files via AirPrint, selected finishing options (e.g., Punch) are not applied unless a preset is chosen. reproduction steps: Select an image on iOS Tap Print → choose printer/server Set Finishing Options → Punch Print Observed: Finishing options not applied IPP trace shows no finisher attributes in the request working scenario: Select any Preset (e.g., Color) before printing Finishing options are then included in IPP and applied Note: Issue does not occur when printing PDFs from iOS; finisher attributes are sent correctly. Is this expected AirPrint behavior for image jobs, or could this be a bug in how iOS constructs the IPP request for photos?

Since macOS 26.4 Beta 1, virtual HID devices created via DriverKit can no longer intercept key events from the built-in MacBook keyboard. External keyboards still work. This is confirmed and tracked here: https://github.com/pqrs-org/Karabiner-Elements/issues/4402 One possible lead (from LLM-assisted analysis of Apple's open-source IOHIDFamily code and cross-referencing community reports): macOS 26.4 Beta may have introduced or modified a security policy referred to as com.apple.iohid.protectedDeviceAccess, which could block IOHIDDeviceOpen for the Apple Internal Keyboard connected via SPI transport (AppleHIDTransportHIDDevice). This appears related to a "GamePolicy" check in IOHIDDeviceClass.m that gates whether processes can open HID devices. This has not been independently verified and may or may not be the root cause. This has far-reaching consequences. Karabiner-Elements alone has over 21,000 GitHub stars and is used by hundreds of thousands of macOS users for keyboard customization, accessibility workflows, ergonomic setups, and multilingual input. This change completely breaks its core functionality on any MacBook. Beyond Karabiner, this affects every developer building keyboard remapping, input customization, or accessibility tooling via DriverKit virtual HID devices — including commercial applications currently in development. I'd argue that the power and flexibility of keyboard customization on macOS is a genuine competitive advantage for the platform. Developers and power users choose Macs partly because tools like this exist. Restricting this capability would be detrimental to the ecosystem and to Apple's appeal among professional users. I'd like to understand: is this an intentional security change or a regression? If intentional, is there a migration path?

I am writing a DriverKit driver for the first that uses the USBSerialDriverKit. The driver its purpose is to expose the device as serial interface (/dev/cu.tetra-pei0 or something like this). My problem: I don't see any logs from that driver in the console and I tried like 40 different approaches and checked everything. The last message I see is that the driver get successfully added to the system it is in the list of active and enabled system driver extensions but when I plug the device in none of my logs appear and it doesn't show up in ioreg. So without my driver the target device looks like this: +-o TETRA PEI interface@02120000 <class IOUSBHostDevice, id 0x10000297d, registered, matched, active, busy 0 (13 ms), retain 30> | { | "sessionID" = 268696051410 | "USBSpeed" = 3 | "UsbLinkSpeed" = 480000000 | "idProduct" = 36886 | "iManufacturer" = 1 | "bDeviceClass" = 0 | "IOPowerManagement" = {"PowerOverrideOn"=Yes,"DevicePowerState"=2,"CurrentPowerState"=2,"CapabilityFlags"=32768,"MaxPowerState"=2,"DriverPowerState"=0} | "bcdDevice" = 9238 | "bMaxPacketSize0" = 64 | "iProduct" = 2 | "iSerialNumber" = 0 | "bNumConfigurations" = 1 | "UsbDeviceSignature" = <ad0c16901624000000ff0000> | "USB Product Name" = "TETRA PEI interface" | "locationID" = 34734080 | "bDeviceSubClass" = 0 | "bcdUSB" = 512 | "USB Address" = 6 | "kUSBCurrentConfiguration" = 1 | "IOCFPlugInTypes" = {"9dc7b780-9ec0-11d4-a54f-000a27052861"="IOUSBHostFamily.kext/Contents/PlugIns/IOUSBLib.bundle"} | "UsbPowerSinkAllocation" = 500 | "bDeviceProtocol" = 0 | "USBPortType" = 0 | "IOServiceDEXTEntitlements" = (("com.apple.developer.driverkit.transport.usb")) | "USB Vendor Name" = "Motorola Solutions, Inc." | "Device Speed" = 2 | "idVendor" = 3245 | "kUSBProductString" = "TETRA PEI interface" | "kUSBAddress" = 6 | "kUSBVendorString" = "Motorola Solutions, Inc." | } | +-o AppleUSBHostCompositeDevice <class AppleUSBHostCompositeDevice, id 0x100002982, !registered, !matched, active, busy 0, retain 5> | { | "IOProbeScore" = 50000 | "CFBundleIdentifier" = "com.apple.driver.usb.AppleUSBHostCompositeDevice" | "IOProviderClass" = "IOUSBHostDevice" | "IOClass" = "AppleUSBHostCompositeDevice" | "IOPersonalityPublisher" = "com.apple.driver.usb.AppleUSBHostCompositeDevice" | "bDeviceSubClass" = 0 | "CFBundleIdentifierKernel" = "com.apple.driver.usb.AppleUSBHostCompositeDevice" | "IOMatchedAtBoot" = Yes | "IOMatchCategory" = "IODefaultMatchCategory" | "IOPrimaryDriverTerminateOptions" = Yes | "bDeviceClass" = 0 | } | +-o lghub_agent <class AppleUSBHostDeviceUserClient, id 0x100002983, !registered, !matched, active, busy 0, retain 7> | { | "IOUserClientCreator" = "pid 1438, lghub_agent" | "IOUserClientDefaultLocking" = Yes | } | +-o IOUSBHostInterface@0 <class IOUSBHostInterface, id 0x100002986, registered, matched, active, busy 0 (5 ms), retain 9> | | { | | "USBPortType" = 0 | | "IOCFPlugInTypes" = {"2d9786c6-9ef3-11d4-ad51-000a27052861"="IOUSBHostFamily.kext/Contents/PlugIns/IOUSBLib.bundle"} | | "USB Vendor Name" = "Motorola Solutions, Inc." | | "bcdDevice" = 9238 | | "USBSpeed" = 3 | | "idProduct" = 36886 | | "IOServiceDEXTEntitlements" = (("com.apple.developer.driverkit.transport.usb")) | | "bInterfaceSubClass" = 0 | | "bConfigurationValue" = 1 | | "locationID" = 34734080 | | "USB Product Name" = "TETRA PEI interface" | | "bInterfaceProtocol" = 0 | | "iInterface" = 0 | | "bAlternateSetting" = 0 | | "idVendor" = 3245 | | "bInterfaceNumber" = 0 | | "bInterfaceClass" = 255 | | "bNumEndpoints" = 2 | | } | | | +-o lghub_agent <class AppleUSBHostInterfaceUserClient, id 0x100002988, !registered, !matched, active, busy 0, retain 6> | { | "UsbUserClientBufferStatistics" = {"IOMemoryDescriptor"=0,"IOBufferMemoryDescriptor"=0,"IOSubMemoryDescriptor"=0} | "IOUserClientCreator" = "pid 1438, lghub_agent" | "UsbUserClientBufferAllocations" = {"Bytes"=0,"Descriptors"=0} | "IOUserClientDefaultLocking" = Yes | } | +-o IOUSBHostInterface@1 <class IOUSBHostInterface, id 0x100002987, registered, matched, active, busy 0 (5 ms), retain 9> | { | "USBPortType" = 0 | "IOCFPlugInTypes" = {"2d9786c6-9ef3-11d4-ad51-000a27052861"="IOUSBHostFamily.kext/Contents/PlugIns/IOUSBLib.bundle"} | "USB Vendor Name" = "Motorola Solutions, Inc." | "bcdDevice" = 9238 | "USBSpeed" = 3 | "idProduct" = 36886 | "IOServiceDEXTEntitlements" = (("com.apple.developer.driverkit.transport.usb")) | "bInterfaceSubClass" = 0 | "bConfigurationValue" = 1 | "locationID" = 34734080 | "USB Product Name" = "TETRA PEI interface" | "bInterfaceProtocol" = 0 | "iInterface" = 0 | "bAlternateSetting" = 0 | "idVendor" = 3245 | "bInterfaceNumber" = 1 | "bInterfaceClass" = 255 | "bNumEndpoints" = 2 | } | +-o lghub_agent <class AppleUSBHostInterfaceUserClient, id 0x10000298a, !registered, !matched, active, busy 0, retain 6> { "UsbUserClientBufferStatistics" = {"IOMemoryDescriptor"=0,"IOBufferMemoryDescriptor"=0,"IOSubMemoryDescriptor"=0} "IOUserClientCreator" = "pid 1438, lghub_agent" "UsbUserClientBufferAllocations" = {"Bytes"=0,"Descriptors"=0} "IOUserClientDefaultLocking" = Yes } more details in my comment.

I have a driver extending IOUserUSBSerial and I want the device to show up as /dev/tty.mycustombasename-123 and /dev/cu. respectively. How can I achieve that?

Hi Everyone, We are currently migrating a mature legacy KEXT to DriverKit for our PCIe SCSI storage controller (connected via Thunderbolt 3). During the DEXT load sequence, we have observed that the system automatically triggers a power state transition from State 0 (Off) to State 2 (On). However, this process results in a Kernel Panic due to a timeout after approximately 21 seconds. We have verified that our implementation of Start_Impl, UserInitializeController_Impl, and SetPowerState_Impl executes extremely fast, with a total execution time of less than one second. Specifically, SetPowerState_Impl returns kIOReturnSuccess immediately upon being called. Furthermore, our current Info.plist does not contain any IOPowerManagement dictionary or related keys. Despite the fast execution and the absence of explicit power management declarations in the plist, the kernel power management state machine (IOServicePM) still generates a 21-second timeout, leading to the following panic: Panic Log: panic(cpu 7 caller 0xfffffe0020be8fec): MySCSIDriver::setPowerState(0xfffffe2fb1a65c00 : 0xfffffe0020bfed88, 0 -> 2) timed out after 21257 ms @IOServicePM.cpp:5609 com.example.driver.dext: ( id: com.example.driver.dext; path: /Library/SystemExtensions/[UUID]/com.example.driver.dext; state: loaded ) Note on Previous Discussion: I would like to express my gratitude to Kevin from Apple DTS for the helpful discussion regarding the implementation of BundleParallelTask on the forums. Since then, we have shifted our development focus toward completing the overall management ecosystem, delivering a comprehensive operational interface for users, and handling specific user environments and behaviors. Our current priority is ensuring system stability—specifically resolving these Thunderbolt-related power management issues (sleep/wake)—to prepare the product for upcoming testing. I remain very grateful for the guidance provided on batch task optimization and intend to resume those optimizations once this critical stability baseline is secured. Technical Guidance Needed for PM Migration In our legacy KEXT, we utilized PMinit(), registerPowerDriver(), and joinPMtree() to precisely control the timing of power management registration. In transitioning to the DriverKit SDK, we have not found clear guidance on several key points: Standardized Migration Path: What is the recommended way to implement equivalent power management initialization (formerly PMinit) within a DriverKit subclass? In DriverKit, how should we replicate the behavior of manually calling registerPowerDriver and joinPMtree to ensure the driver is only monitored once the hardware is ready? Implicit Power Registration: Why does the system enforce a setPowerState(0 -> 2) transition on a subclass of IOUserSCSIParallelInterfaceController even when no IOPowerManagement dictionary is defined in the Info.plist? Is this a default behavior of the SCSI or PCI transport framework? Thunderbolt Specifics: Are there specific power proxying requirements or configurations for PCIe devices over Thunderbolt to avoid conflicts with the default IOPCIFamily power policies? Best Regards, Charles